Author :
Abstract
İktisadi kalkınma ve demokrasi arasındaki ilişki özellikle 20.yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren bir takım tartışmalara ve araştırmalara konu olmaya başlayıp günümüzde bile önemini korumaktadır. Kurumsal yapı, politik haklar, sivil ve ekonomik özgürlükler gibi demokrasi bileşenlerinin iktisadi kalkınmanın meydana gelmesinde ve hız kazanmasında önemli bir rolü bulunmaktadır. Bu bileşenler ile birlikte toplumsal yapının demokratik bir nitelik kazanmasında, demokrasinin güçlendirilmesi ve geliştirilmesinde iktisadi kalkınmanın önemli bir etkisi vardır. Gelişmiş ülkeler, genel olarak politik hakları, sivil ve ekonomik özgürlükleri ve kurumsal kalite düzeyleri yüksek olan; bununla birlikte demokratik yönetimlere ve çok yüksek insani gelişim düzeylerine sahip ülkeler olarak göze çarpmaktadır. Gelişmekte olan ülkeler ise orta düzey bir kurumsal kaliteye sahip politik, sivil ve ekonomik özgürlükler konusunda kısmen özgür ve orta düzey ülkeler grubunda olan yönetim olarak kusurlu demokrasi veya karma rejimlere sahip fakat genel olarak yüksek insani gelişmenin olduğu ülkeler olarak görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada bütüncül bir yaklaşımla demokrasi ve kalkınma arasındaki ilişkinin boyutları kapsamlı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Ve netice olarak iktisadi kalkınma ve demokrasinin karşılıklı olarak birbirilerini olumlu bir şekilde etkiledikleri ve birbirileri için vazgeçilmez unsurlar olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Keywords
Abstract
The relationship between economic development and democracy continues to be the subject of some discussions and researches, especially from the second half of the 20th century, and it remains important even today. Democracy components such as institutional structure, political rights, civil and economic freedoms have an important role in the development and acceleration of economic development. Along with these components, economic development has an important effect on the social structure gaining a democratic character, strengthening and developing democracy.. Developed countries generally have high political rights, civil and economic freedoms and institutional quality levels; however, it stands out as countries with democratic governments and very high levels of human development. On the other hand, developing countries are considered to be countries with a moderate institutional quality in terms of political, civil and economic freedoms, partly free and middle-level countries, with the management of defective democracy or mixed regimes, but generally high human development. In this study, the dimensions of the relationship between democracy and development have been comprehensively examined with a holistic approach. And consequently, economic development and democracy are thought to affect each other positively and are indispensable for each other.
Keywords
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