ULAŞIM TÜR SEÇİMİNE YÖNELİK ALGILARIN ÖLÇÜLMESİNDE METAFOR ANALİZİNİN KULLANILMASININ SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR KENTSEL GELİŞMEYE KATKISI
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Abstract
Son yıllarda, gerek kentleşme hızının artması, gerekse ekonomik yapının gelişmesiyle birlikte ortaya çıkan sorunlar, kentlerin sürdürülebilirliğini etkileyerek sürdürülebilir kentsel gelişmeye engel olmaktadır. Küresel sürdürülebilirlikte kilit rol oynayan kentlerimizde yaşanan hızlı gelişmeler neticesinde otomobile olan bağımlılığın artmasıyla, sürdürülebilir kentsel gelişmenin en önemli faktörlerinden olan sürdürülebilir ulaşım türlerine yönelik talepler azalmakta ve kentlerimiz sürdürülebilir ulaşım ilkelerinden uzaklaşmaktadır. Sürdürülebilir ulaşım tür seçiminin, toplu ulaşım, yaya ve bisiklet ulaşımı lehine çevrilmesi, yolcuların belirtilen ulaşım türlerine yönelik algıları ve memnuniyet düzeyleri ile yakından ilişkilidir. Ulaşıma yönelik algıların soyut ve somut olarak kavramsallaştırılmasının, bu konudaki politika ve hedeflerin daha iyi anlaşılmasına ve sürdürülebilir ulaşıma potansiyel olarak fayda sağlamasına katkıda bulunacağı ileri sürülmektedir. Bu kapsamda metaforlar, insanların nasıl düşündükleri, davrandıkları ve iletişim kurdukları ile ilgili bütünleşmiş mekanizmalar olarak görülmekle birlikte, davranış ve hislerin nedenlerini anlamak konusunda önemli bir yol sunmaktadır. Bir söylem analizi yöntemi olan metafor analizinin arkasındaki öncül, insanların kendi deneyimlerini ve inançlarını tarif ederken kullandıkları metaforları inceleyerek, ortaya konanların altındaki anlamları doğrudan ve bilinçli olarak ortaya çıkarmayı başarabilmesidir. Kentsel ulaşıma yönelik algıların metafor analizi yoluyla ölçülmesi, ulaşımın psikolojik ve sosyolojik açıdan değerlendirilmesi konusunda da sağlıklı sonuçlar verecektir. Çünkü metaforlar, düşünce sistemlerinin mecazi kullanımlarla ifade edilmesini sağlamaktadır. Bu kapsamda çalışmada; metafor analizi ile sürdürülebilir ulaşım tür seçimine etki eden algıların ölçülerek, ulaşım türlerindeki kullanım alışkanlıklarının toplu ulaşım, yaya ve bisiklet lehine çevrilebilmesi ve bu sayede sürdürülebilir kentsel gelişmeye katkı sağlaması amaçlanmaktadır.
Keywords
Abstract
In recent years, both the increase in the speed of urbanization and the problems that arise with the development of the economic structure affect the sustainability of cities and prevent sustainable urban development. As a result of the rapid developments in our cities, which play a key role in global sustainability, the demand for sustainable transportation, which is one of the most important factors of sustainable urban development, is decreasing and our cities are moving away from sustainable transportation principles. The transformation of sustainable transportation type selection in favor of public transportation, pedestrian and bicycle transportation is closely related to the perceptions and satisfaction levels of the passengers regarding the specified types of transportation. It is argued that the conceptualization of perceptions towards transportation as abstract and concrete will contribute to a better understanding of the policies and targets on this issue and potential benefits to sustainable transportation. In this context, although metaphors are seen as integrated mechanisms about how people think, behave and communicate, they offer an important way to understand the causes of behaviors and feelings. The premise behind metaphor analysis, which is a method of discourse analysis, is that it succeeds in revealing directly and consciously the meanings underlying what is revealed by examining the metaphors people use to describe their experiences and beliefs. Measuring perceptions about urban transportation through metaphor analysis will give healthy results in terms of psychological and sociological evaluation of transportation. Because metaphors enable thought systems to be expressed with figurative uses. In this context, in the study; with metaphor analysis, it is aimed to measure the perceptions affecting the choice of sustainable transportation type, and to transform the usage habits in the types of transportation in favor of public transportation, pedestrian and bicycle and thus contribute to sustainable urban development.
Keywords
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